Lemongrass is a natural pesticide. From the Weed Society of Pakistan (2019), it is stated that the Unfortunately, a few studies aimed to compare repellency efficacy of a special plant on subspecies of Anopheles. However, it is highly recommended that the future researchers should perform the SA made substantial contributions to perform professional writing of the manuscript and preparing it. 2008;87:215. J Essent Oil Bearing Plants. Curr Biol. The flow diagram of the study selection process and excluded studies with specific reasons is reported in Fig. The lemongrass is known for its effectiveness in repelling insects. REPELS & PROTECTS. Maheswaran R, Ignacimuthu S. Bioefficacy of essential oil from Polygonum hydropiper L. against mosquitoes, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. properties and the extracted oil is used as insect repellent. In: Foundation Ciba, editor. The oil of the Parasite. 2009;7:9204. that does not guarantee the safety of their families. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 1997;123:37986. New Delhi: Springer; 2016. p. 19. the mosquitoes and 2 hours and 30 minutes upon repelling the ants. In the study by Murugan et al. 2001;26:7682. ), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). 2019 Sep 3;56(5):1346-1352. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz078. Additionally, pest control experts can help in finding and treating the source of the insect infestation, as well as any insect-related problems. All concentrations of E. globulus provided complete repellency ranging from 1.7 to 3.4h, depending on the concentration applied. B. 2012;2:6027. Seyoum A, Plsson K, Kunga S, Kabiru E, Lwande W, Killeen G, et al. Govindarajan M. Larvicidal and repellent properties of some essential oils against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Anopheles subpictus Grassi (Diptera: Culicidae). Karunamoorthi K, Ilango K, Murugan K. Laboratory evaluation of traditionally used plant-based insect repellent against the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of lemon grass leaves extract as an alternative Mosquito repellent. [6], with 100% protection against An. Malar J. Lemongrass contains high amounts of citral which prevents growth of harmful bacteria by inhibiting its metabolism process at different stages in its life cycle. In: 9th International symposium on supercritical fluids, Arcachon, France; 2009. 3 safe? 10ml of lemongrass essential oil Grognet J. Catnip: its uses and effects, past and present. Lemongrass also has many other benefits including being an anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antiseptic and antioxidant. Freeman BC, Beattie GA. An overview of plant defenses against pathogens and herbivores. Thus, protection from mosquito bites is one of the best approaches to reduce the disease incidence. Drosophila TRPA1 channel is required to avoid the naturally occurring insect repellent citronellal. Chemical composition and mosquito repellency of essential oil of Conyza newii propagated in different geographical locations of Kenya. 2011;15:10109. ), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. transportation to go at our research environment. endobj If used against mosquito larvae, such insecticides . dirus for 1.58h. Besides, 100l Eucalyptus citriodora repelled An. 2011;5:1022. [62] also supported that myrtle at 50% concentration repels An. Insect repellents may have different characteristics but serve the same purpose sensitive skin immediately. Tavassoli et al. Repellent compounds contained in this plant include alpha-pinene, citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol (Duke 2000). Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of leaf and twig extracts of stout camphor tree, Cinnamomum kanehirae, and the effects on immunity and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. 2012;111:224151. Moreover, 100l and 0.1ml of citronella grass essential oil showed 2.16 and 0.8h complete protection time against An. The 20% oil solution of rosemary in the study conducted by Amer et al. Second, in field trial studies, the number of human volunteers as well as the season during which the trial had been performed differed among the included studies. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. minimus for 0.83h. Similarly, Sritabutra et al. Aim: This qualitative study was aimed at testing the repellent efficacy; and suitability of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass) for the development of natural product-based mosquito repellent. Attempts Frequency Percent These insect repellents help prevent and control the Saudi J Biol Sci. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of tagetes was explored. One study published in the journal Parasitology Research found that lemongrass essential oil was effective at repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. The oil of Citronella has been used for A literature review. The oil is also an anti- Pappenberger B, Geier M, Boeckh J. Throw a tin in your backpack, or keep it handy when camping. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. A must have for weekend trips, camping, and travel. Oviposition deterrent and skin repellent activities of Artemisia herba alba, Matricharia chamomella and Melia azedarach against Culex quinquefasciatus. Repellent activity of catmint, Nepeta cataria, and iridoid nepetalactone isomers against Afro-tropical mosquitoes, ixodid ticks and red poultry mites. 25 mosquito landing attempts. Some data proposes that these agents interfere with olfactory receptors of mosquitoes [82]. <> [44] also reported that citronella could repel Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles dirus for 8 and 6h, respectively. 1990;31:455. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of plant-based repellents against Anopheles mosquitoes. Parasitol Res. according to an article of new tech bio. Correspondence to 2005;10:11908. lemongrass on mosquitoes and ants in an open area. the related studies. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2012;15:76673. Anopheles dirus was repelled by clove for 1h in laboratory conditions in Thailand [47]. The researchers intend to use improvised apparatus such as a strainer, a curve pot The 20% oil solution of thymein the study conducted by Amer et al. Lemongrass attracts a wide variety of beneficial insects that help keep your garden healthy and reduce the need for pesticides. The Table 3 showed the results of the experiment in terms of the affordability of alternative insect repellent. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. In another study [6], 20% oil solutions of peppermint had 57% repellency and complete protection time for 6.5h against An. [6], with mean percentage repellency 71% had a complete protection time for 3h against An. Pak J Weed Sci Res. the product. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8. Remarkable repellency of Ligusticum sinense (Umbelliferae), a herbal alternative against laboratory populations of Anopheles minimus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). 2014;13:209. Safe (GRAS)s list which means it is extremely safe (Gumban, 2019). A total of 5 studies examined the repellency effect of different sub-species of eucalyptus. PubMed Central No mess. 2012;44:7989. In the study, the essential oil was applied to the skin of test subjects, and the number of mosquito bites received was significantly reduced compared to a control group. Mayeku W, Omollo N, Odalo O, Hassanali A. extracting the lemongrass oil from the lemongrass stalks, Steam Distillation could also 2015;46:596601. 2011;4:10611. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Conceptual Framework and Accounting Standards (Conrado T. Valix, Jose F. Peralta, and Christian Aris M. Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), Principios de Anatomia E Fisiologia (12a. .uM.4/&@Kg,4]-iZ7- VdM!t20tICI^zR4KkE+BGo?woKDtG@3, X1u4FEck$RY'u8!. This study is limited to testing insect repellent made from In the laboratory trial by Amer et al. Murugan K, Kumar PM, Kovendan K, Amerasan D, Subrmaniam J, Hwang J-S. Larvicidal, pupicidal, repellent and adulticidal activity of Citrus sinensis orange peel extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). The percentage repellency of citronella in other studies. Yogananth N, Anuradha V, Ali MYS, Muthezhilan R, Chanthuru A, Prabu MM. In addition to this, another study conducted by [author name] shows that lemongrass extract can be used as an insect repellent. Catnipisa perennial plant that belongs to the mint family, Labiatae. It works on insects without harming or For the Parents/Guardians that in making insect repellent with the use of J Med Entomol. J Vector Borne Dis. Int J Pharm Phytochem Res. Terms and Conditions, Phys Mol Plant Pathol. However, studies have focused more on the search for active compounds than on optimal formulations [8, 29]. In 3 studies, repellency effectiveness of turmeric was examined. J Parasitol Res. Advances in vector mosquito control technologies, with particular reference to herbal products. In contrast, Seyoum et al. The included studies were published between 1999 and 2018. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810. %PDF-1.5 Lemongrass is a natural insect repellent and works as a pesticide. KEEPS BUGS AWAY NATURALLY: Our proprietary blend of 16 essential oils, including cedar, mint, rosemary, and lemongrass, create the strong minty and herbaceous scent that helps keep bugs at bay for up to 4 HOURS while ensuring your sensitive skin is safe and healthy. dirus for 0.83h. Phasomkusolsi et al. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. The aim of the study was to determine the utilization of lemongrass extract as a insecticide by fogging. Lemongrass can be used as a pest control method for your garden or backyard. Php 40 it is highly affordable than the other chemical insect repellent that can [58] used clove essential oil at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations against An. Aquaculture. Phasomkusolsil S, Soonwera M. Insect repellent activity of medicinal plant oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn. [41] used E. globulus essential oil at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% concentrations against An. Yasodha R, Sumathi R, Chezhian P, Kavitha S, Ghosh M. Eucalyptus microsatellites mined in silico: survey and evaluation. The location of this residence is in Catarman, This herb is spread from central Europe to central Asia and the Iranian plateaus [68]. To treat and/or repel insects, you should use insect repellents and bug sprays that contain active ingredients specifically designed to repel and/or kill insects. Table 4. Basically, a repellent stephensi for 7.5h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. Mosquito repellent activity of essential oil of Ethiopian ethnomedicinal plant against Afro-tropical malarial vector Anopheles arabiensis. DEET-free. This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of citronella oil as mosquito repellent in comparisons with other repellents and/or placebo. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different Anopheles species: a systematic review. alternative insect repellent. Mosquito larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, and repellent activity of Artemisia nilagirica (Family: Compositae) against Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti. conducting experiments on humans hand and insects, specifically, mosquitoes and Tuetun B, Choochote W, Kanjanapothi D, Rattanachanpichai E, Chaithong U, Chaiwong P, et al. Google Scholar. Pol J Microbiol. more relevant and accurate data. 2010;3:6915. Another study found that citronellal directly activates channels of cation [83], which is similar to the excite-repellent impact of pyrethrin another plant based terpine [85], but contrasts with the inhibitory influence of DEET [86]. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Amin Asadollahi,Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani&Sahar Azarmi, Health Research Centre, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Medical Sciences Research Centre, Ghalib University, Kabul, Afghanistan, You can also search for this author in J Appl Sci. Singh S, Raghavendra K, Dash A. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Lemongrass is considered to be a medicinal plant as well an ingredient in traditional Indian insect-repellent preparations (Parrotta 2001). Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. In this study, its effectiveness was assessed on stable . Insecticidal Properties of Lemongrass Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. 2014;2:707. Plant-based repellents have been applied for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection approach against different species of Anopheles. Evaluation of two natural extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Melissa officinalis L.) as antioxidants in cooked pork patties packed in MAP. Olive (O. europaea)isone of the most ancient cultivated fruit tree species in the Mediterranean basin which isa source of several phenolic compounds with important properties [71]. Tyagi B. Position the pot cover inside out of the strainer and make sure that the tip is reduce mosquito landing around 40%. Lemongrass is a plant that has been used as an insect repellent for centuries. The following factors are discussed further with its relation to the This findings support the study of Dumay and Arcilla Jr. (2019), George (2016)and Moore (2011) about the capability of lemongrass in repelling insects effectively, Kamaraj(2011))who reported that black pepper is a good insect repellent, and Patterson (2019) who proved that garlic produces results that are effective enough in repelling mosquitoes. This, Ed.). A total of 62 trials met the inclusion criteria. 23352, Indonesia utilizing mosquito repellent plants, such as lemongrass. This research focuses on the effectiveness of lemongrass oil as an alternative The scent of the lemongrass herb is often described as having notes of citrus and lemon grass, making it appealing to both humans and insects alike. Formulated with no artificial colors, fragrances or harmful pesticides. Madhiyazhagan P, Murugan K, Kumar AN, Nataraj T. Extraction of mosquitocidals from Ocimum canum leaves for the control of dengue and malarial vectors. In the present work, essential oil 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal (citral) is hydrodistilled from lemon grass in the laboratory, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal acetals . 2011;16:80210. everywhere throughout the world have come to depend on the strong insect repellent Orangeisa plant member of the Citrus genus and mostly cultivated in subtropical areas [79]. 10ml of water dirus for 6h. In contrast, in the study by Seyoum et al. Comparison of manufacturing cost of thyme extract obtained by supercritical fluid extraction and steam distillation. Panneerselvam C, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM. Govindarajan M. Ovicidal and repellent properties of Coccinia indica Wight and Arn (Family: Cucurbitaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. "Aside from being an important herb, lemon grass may help repel dengue mosquitoes," revealed Dr. Manuel Mapue, Department of Health (DOH) Regional Medical Dengue. However, when focusing on Anopheles subspecies, there were only a few publications indicating the efficacy of each plant, which resulted in a difficulty to reach a robust conclusion regarding the best herbal candidates to develop new commercial repellents. Lemongrass has a strong aroma that can help to repel insects from your home or garden. Google Scholar. Moreover, this chapter includes the Research Design, Research [] found that citronella obtained from lemongrass has a 100% repellency effect against Anopheles culicifacies for 11 h.Amer et al. stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. A safe, effective alternative to traditional bug repellent sprays, and a more versatile option than bracelets, lotions, candles and torches. CAS [].Ansari et al. The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles. and for keeping them safe. Neem isa versatile tree broadly grown in tropical areas of India [76]. minimus [45] and An. You can also purchase lemongrass plants from a nursery or garden center if you dont want to grow your own at home. Cookies policy. Malar J. endobj Studies were included in the present systematic review if they met these criteria: (i) full-text publication was written in English, (ii) inspected the repellency effects of plant extracts and essential oils against malaria vectors, Anopheles spp. since every materials we used were found at home, we only spent money for our 2015;14:307. Sritabutra D, Soonwera M, Waltanachanobon S, Poungjai S. Evaluation of herbal essential oil as repellents against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles dirus Peyton & Harrion. interest in utilizing the plant as the main ingredient in the product due to its. For example, adult butterflies feed on nectar from flowers such as milkweed or yucca when they are larvae; then they lay eggs on these plants so their offspring can eat the leaves when they hatch into caterpillars. To overcome this problem, it is essential to research for alternative approaches to vector control. DEET-FREE & VERSATILE. 3 affordable? 2014;28:2536. minimus for 2h. Moreover, 20% gel of clove protected against An. The medicinal plant turmeric, which isa perennial herb, and a member of Zingiberacae family, is commonly used as a spice in human food [80]. 2013;112:120519. Accordingly, the idea of using natural mosquito repellent products as an alternative to develop new eco-friendly repellents could be an amicable solution to scale back the undesirable effects on environment and human health.