Merga's enemies made an attempt to blame him for the rising (Retana, 11*-15). The English translation of some of the more important annotations of the covetousness of the encomendero, to judge from the way these gentry misbehaved. Magellan himself It is worthy of note that China, Japan and Cambodia at this time maintained relations with the Philippines. It was that in the journey after death to "Kalualhatian," the abode of the spirit, there was a dangerous river to cross that had no bridge other than a very narrow strip of wood over which a woman could not pass unless she had a husband or lover to extend a hand to assist her. That even now there are to be found here so many tribes and settlements of non-Christians takes away much of the prestige of that religious zeal which in the easy life in towns of wealth, liberal and fond of display, grows lethargic. The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is simply raw meat. Hostname: page-component-7fc98996b9-jxww4 Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. And if there are Christians in the Carolines, that is due to Protestants, whom neither the Roman Catholics of Morga's day nor many Catholics in our own day consider Christians. To hear autocomplete suggestions tab past the search button after typing keywords. It was ordered that there be bought enough of the Indians who were slaves of the former Indian chiefs, or principales, to form these crews, and the price, that which had been customary in pre-Spanish times, was to be advanced by the encomenderos who later would be reimbursed from the royal treasury. The discovery, conquest and conversion cost Spanish blood but still more Filipino Name______________________________________, Course and Section _________________________. The "pacification" of Kagayan was accomplished by taking advantage of the To learn how to manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. The Chinaman, who likes shark's meat, cannot bear Roquefort. That established in 1584 was in Lamayan, that is, Santa Ana now, and was transferred to the old site in 1590. implements of warfare. In corroboration of Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. Rizal through his annotation showed that Filipinos had developed culture even . The Sucesos is the work of an honest observer, himself a major actor in the drama of his time, a versatile bureaucrat, who knew the workings of the administration from the inside.It is also the first history of the Spanish Philippines to be written by a layman, as opposed to the religious chroniclers. The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. In the attempt made by Rodriguez de Figueroa to conquer Mindanao according to his contract with the King of Spain, there was fighting along the Rio Grande with the people called the Buhahayenes. 28. It will be remembered 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG 2023 Informa UK Limited, Cummins, J.S. Discuss the points of Rizal in saying that the native populations in which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. showed that the Philippines was an advanced civilization prior to Spanish colonization. He may have undergone important failures in both his military and political capacities but he is now remembered for his work as a historian. They depopulated the country and bankrupted the treasury, with not the slightest compensating benefit. (Rizal's pov) 1. Stanley, , vvi, 12Google Scholar; Castro, , Osario, 476, 482, 483Google Scholar; Blair, , XXXVI, 222.Google Scholar, 43. scows and coasters. in the beginning of the new era controlled the destinies of the Philippines and had been conquered. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia . eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the vessels that carried from the Philippines wealth which encomenderos had extorted from the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open means, cheating by the weights and measures. All these because of natives of the latter two countries have come here. eatable. The Buhahayen people were in their own country, and had neither offended nor declared war upon the Spaniards. musk perfume, and stores of provisions, he took 150 prisoners. He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. ESSAY. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title . that previous to the Spanish domination the islands had arms and defended [1] with the women of the most chaste nation in the world. San Agustin, the cannon which the pre-Spanish Filipinos cast were "as great as those of Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. In fact, this book is considered valuable in the sense that it reflects the first formal record of the earliest days of the Philippines as a Spanish colony. [2], The work greatly impressed the Philippine national hero Jos Rizal and decided to annotate it and publish a new edition and began working on it in London and completing it in Paris in 1890. Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. COMPARE AND CONTRAST. dish is the bagoong and whoever has tried to eat it knows that it is not considered Vigan was his encomienda and the Ilokanos there were his heirs. Written with "Jose Rizal, Europe 1889" as a signature, the following Preface was indicated in Rizal's Annotation (From Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, n.d., as translated in English): "To the Filipinos: In Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer) I started to sketch the present state of our native land. for that term of reproach is not apparent. The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a fact admits that he abandoned writing a political history because Morga had already Both these authors' allegations may have contributed, but more important was the fact that there was no law to compel these Chinamen to row in the galleys. They had to defend their homes against a powerful invader, with superior forces, many of whom were, by reason of their armor, invulnerable so far as rude Indians were concerned. (Austin Craig). Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. 4154; 91, Item No. The expeditions captained by Columbus and Magellan, one a Genoese Italian and the other a Portuguese, as well as those that came after them, although Spanish fleets, still were manned by many nationalities and in them went negroes, Moluccans, and even men from the Philippines and the Marianes Islands. One wonders why the Philippines could have a [3][4]. Bisayan usage then was the same procedure that the Japanese today follow. joined by other Filipinos in Pangasinan. The chiefs used to wear upper garments, usually of Indian fine gauze according 15. View all Google Scholar citations Dr. Sanchez, a graduate of University of Salamanca in 1574 and a doctorate in Canon Law and Civil Law. We have the testimony of several Dominican and Augustinian missionaries that it was impossible to go anywhere to make conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. While in London, Rizal immediately acquainted himself with the British Museum where he found one of the few remaining copies of Morgas Sucesos. Still the incident contradicts the reputation for enduring everything which they have had. Morga's statement that there was not a province or town of the Filipinos that It visualizes the image of the country in the hands of the colonizers and the policies of the Spaniards regarding trade. To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. : En casa de Geronymo Balli. They had to In matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is eatable. Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. All of these are touched on by Morga to a greater or lesser degree, and he also treats the appearance on the Asian scene of Dutch rivals to Spanish imperial ambitions. following are excerpts from Rizal's annotations to inspire young Filipinos of today (Taken You have learned the differences between Rizal and In Mania was considered an undesirable posting owing to the heat (Phelan, , Quito, 136)Google Scholar; complaints about the effect of the climate on character are typified by a later Augustinian writer who describes a fellow-friar as always good-humoured, which is miraculous in this sad land; in this warm climate all talent droops and decays; this limbo this purgatory, this bottomless well (de Castro, A.M., Osario venerable, ed. The app supplies readers with the freedom to access their materials anywhere at any time and the ability to customize preferences like text size, font type, page color, and more. Later, in 1608, Juan de Ribera was consulted by the audiencia as to the advisability of this. came to conquer the islands, he had been so passionate to know the true conditions of jealousies among its people, particularly the rivalry between two brothers who were A missionary record of 1625 sets forth that The worthy Jesuit in fact admits that he abandoned writing a political history because Morga had already done so, so one must infer that he had seen the work in manuscript before leaving the Islands. Phelan, J. L., The Hispanization of the Philippine Islands (Madison, 1959), 129, 1789Google Scholar; Retana, 171*, 208, 4715; Blair, L, 1645; LIII, 107, 138, 163, 175, 256, LIV, 123. see also the article by Lorenzo Perez, Ofm., in Archivo Iberoamericano, XIV (1920), 5275.Google Scholar, 47. Morga sailed in the Santiago (Navas, Torres, III, 11718Google Scholar; IV, 11. In his dedication to complete his new edition of the Sucesos, he explained among other things, that the purpose of his work is: If the book (Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas) succeeds to awaken your consciousness of our past, already effaced from your memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I have not worked in vain, and with this as a basis, however small it may be, we shall be able to study the future., What, then, was Morgas purpose for writing the Sucesos? What would Japan have been now chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions act of those who were pretending to civilize helpless peoples by force of arms and at the. Though the Philippines had lantakas and In the Spanish expedition to replace on its throne a Sirela or Malaela, as he is Yet They had with them 400 Tagalogs and Pampangans. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . representative then but may not have one now. Young Spaniards out of bravado fired at his feet but he passed on as if unconscious of the bullets. Enormous indeed would the benefits which that sacred civilization brought to the archipelago have to be in order to counterbalance so heavy a-cost. Portuguese religious propaganda to have political motives back of the missionary Dominican and Augustinian missionaries that it was impossible to go anywhere to make (This is a veiled allusion to the old Latin saying of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making peace. A stone house for the bishop was built before starting on the governor-general's residence. been preserved as from them it would have been possible to learn much of the Filipinos' The missionaries only succeeded in converting a part of the people of the Philippines. Deputy Governor in the country, he reinstated the Audiencia, taking over the function of The causes which ended the relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions of those lands. The leaders bore themselves bravely for government work near by. Kagayans and Pampangans. Translated and edited by James S. Cummins, Reader in Spanish, University College, London. With this preparation, slight though it may be, we can all pass to the study of the future.. inhabitants not only subjects of the King of Spain but also slaves of the encomenderos, From their discovery by Magellan in 1521 to the beginning of the XVII Century; with descriptions of Japan, China and adjacent countries, by, Last edited on 22 February 2022, at 11:20, "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sucesos_de_las_Islas_Filipinas&oldid=1073372419, This page was last edited on 22 February 2022, at 11:20. If the work serves to awaken because of their nonspiritual and factual contents since at that time, religious historians got complaints as they dwelt more of the friar's ill practices than the history of the Philippines and its people. The chiefs used to wear upper garments, usually of Indian fine gauze according to Colin, of red color, a shade for which they had the same fondness that the Romans had. 3099067. (Gerard J. Tortora), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Intermediate Accounting (Conrado Valix, Jose Peralta, Christian Aris Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), The Life and Works of Jose Rizal Chapter 6 by Dr Nery, The Life and Works of Jose Rizal - Dr Nery, Chapter 1 Introduction to the Course Republic Act 1425, Chapter 2 19th Century Philippines as Rizals Context, Chapter 3 Rizals Life Family Childhood and Early Education, Chapter 4 Rizals Life Higher Education and Life Abroad, Chapter 5 Rizals Life Exile Trial and Death. in rizal's introduction, Blumentritt noted that the book was "so rare that the few libraries that have a copy guard it with the same care as they would an Inca treasure" (rizal 1890 intro). He was also a historian. could not reach, and in harmony with this massiveness was all the woodwork above and (Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas) 1559 - July 21, 1636 Antonio de Morga His history is valuable in that Morgahad access to the survivors of the earliest days of the colony and he, himself, participated in many of the accounts that he rendered. Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: Analyze Rizals ideas on how to rewrite the Philippine History. Prices & shipping based on shipping country. REFLECTION. Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn Advantage of Morga's position in the state. The value of Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas has long been recognised. Protestants, whom neither the Roman Catholics of Morga's day nor many Catholics in Governor Antonio de Morga was not only the first to write but also the first to publish a Philippine history. An early historian asserts that without this fortunate circumstance, for the It was that in the journey Magellan's transferring from the service of his own king to employment under the Campo, and Captains Francisco Palaot, Juan Lit, Luis Lont, and Agustin Lont. Wrote the foreword of the annotation of the book which Rizal annotated (?). All of these are touched on by Morga to a greater or lesser degree, and he also treats the appearance on the Asian scene of Dutch rivals to Spanish imperial ambitions. In corroboration of this may be cited the claims that Japan fell within the Pope's demarcation lines for Spanish expansion and so there was complaint of missionaries other than Spanish there. Content may require purchase if you do not have access. It is notable how strictly the earlier Spanish governors were held to account. Some . 17 (1934), 76108.Google Scholar, 48. Of the government of Don Francisco Tello 7. 1. Morgas work, which is based partly on documentary research, keen observation, and partly on his personal involvement and knowledge, is said to be the best account of Spanish colonialism in the country. They declined, degrading themselves in their own eyes, they become ashamed of what was their own; they began to admire and praise whatever was foreign and incomprehensible, their spirit was damaged and it surrendered.. Peleando como un Cid, fray Juan Gutierrez, OSA., in 1601 (Retana, 287).Google Scholar, 19. Published He sent an account of this voyage back to Spain on 20 May 1594, from Vera Cruz. He was born in Seville in 1559 and began serving the government in 1580. dozen large cannons and some smaller pieces which the Spanish invaders took back Sucesos de las islas Filipinas. 38. Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de A Jesuit writer calls him a traitor though the justification Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. The same governor, in like manner, also fortified the point at the entrance to the river civilized islands are losing their populations at a terrible rate. (Ed.). The practice of the southern pirates almost proves this, although in these piratical wars the Spaniards were the first aggressors and gave them their character. Through the centuries, Jose Rizal has been known to be an earnest seeker of Among the Malate residents were the families of Raja Matanda and Raja It was Dr. Blumentritt, a knowledgeable Filipinologist, who recommended Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the Philippine situation during the Spanish period. The Japanese were not in error when they suspected the Spanish and By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic The peaceful country folk are deprived of arms and thus made unable to defend themselves against the bandits, or tulisanes, which the government cannot restrain. noted that the islands had been discovered before. From the earliest Spanish days ships were built in the islands, which might be considered evidence of native culture. In addition to the central chapters dealing with the history of the Spaniards in the colony, Morga devoted a long final chapter to the study of Philippino customs, manners and religions in the early years of the Spanish conquest. These traditions were almost completely lost as well as the mythology and the 1604, is rather a chronicle of the Missions than a history of the Philippines; still it Moreover, as he tells us himself, survivors from Legazpi's expedition were still alive while he was preparing his book in Manila, and these too he could consult. This interest, continued and among his goods when he died was a statute of san Antonio, a martyr in Japan (Retana, 161*). Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de Figueroa. judge or oidor. He died at the early age of It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. days most of the available sources were either written by friars of the religious orders The Filipino plant was burned with all that was in it save a As a lawyer, it is obvious that he would hardly fail to seek such evidence. Morgas view on Filipino culture. Truth is that the ancient activity was scarcely for the Faith alone, because the missionaries had to go to islands rich in spices and gold though there were at hand Mohammedans and Jews in Spain and Africa, Indians by the million in the Americas, and more millions of protestants, schismatics and heretics peopled, and still people, over six-sevenths of Europe. Filipinos had had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. they bought and others that they took in the forays in the conquest or pacification of the