Click here to review the details. Microbiol. 3951. 1943 Biochemical problems of the chemoautotrophic bacteria Physiol. Evol. 0000011147 00000 n Introduction to the Chemolithotrophic Bacteria. Chemolithotrophs include organisms that exhibit extraordinary diversity in the range of substrates metabolized by different genera, in their modes of carbon nutrition, and in the variety of morphology and habitat. Microbiol. nov., an autotrophic archaebacterium, facultatively oxidizing or reducing sulfur Syst. (PDF) Chemolithotroph Bacteria: From Biology to - ResearchGate 2. 0000084677 00000 n Chemolithotrophy nov. with emendation of the genus Microbiology (UK) 141 14691477, Katayama-Fujimura, Y., Kuraishi, H. 1983 Emendation of Thiobacillus perometabolis London and Rittenberg, 1967 Int. London: Longman. A., Denend, A. R. 1972 Ribulose diphosphate carboxylase from autotrophic microorganisms J. Bacteriol. In: Schwartz, W., (ed. A., Denend, A. R. 1972. The SlideShare family just got bigger. 2022 Jun 22;13:895975. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.895975. Microbiol. ber Schwefelbacterien. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. 36 559564, Shima, S., Suzuki, K. I. Leng L, Xu X, Wei L, Fan L, Huang H, Li J, Lu Q, Li J, Zhou W. Sci Total Environ. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Appl. 478503, Kelly, D. P., Smith, N. A. Microbiol. Environ. The only source of life for the thriving bacterial populations that adhere to the rocks are the rocks and the chemistry of the groundwater. Mikrobiol. Brock, T. D., Gustafson, J. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! World of Microbiology and Immunology. 0000021093 00000 n https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13187-9_79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13187-9_79, Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. A., de Bruijn, P., Robertson, L. A., Jetten, M. S. M., Kuenen, J. G. 1996 Autotrophic growth of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing micro-organisms in a fluidized bed reactor Microbiology (UK) 142 21872196, van der Graaf, A. 0000006778 00000 n 2. (eds. Isolation and characterization of Desulfovibrio growing on hydrogen plus sulfate as the sole energy source. (eds. The designation autotroph means "self nourishing." Find out more about saving content to Dropbox. Sequence and heterologous expression of active methyltetrahydrofolate: corrinoid/ iron-sulfur protein methyltransferase from Clostridium thermoaceticum, The rocky roots of the acetyl-CoA pathway, Stable carbon isotopic fractionations associated with inorganic carbon fixation by anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria, Something from almost nothing: carbon dioxide fixation in chemolithotrophs, Phylogeny of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase genes in haloalkaliphilic obligately autotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of the genus Thioalkalivibrio, Occurrence, phylogeny and evolution of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase genes in obligately chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of the genera Thiomicrospira and Thioalkalimicrobium, Enzymes and coenzymes of the carbon monoxide dehydrogenase pathway for autotrophic CO2 fixation in Archaeoglobus lithotrophicus and the lack of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase in the heterotrophic A-profundus, Pathways of autotrophic CO2 fixation and of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to N2O in Ferroglobus placidus, CO2-responsive expression and gene organization of three ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase enzymes and carboxysomes in Hydrogenovibrio marinus strain MH-110, Find out more about saving to your Kindle, Book: Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism, Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511790461.011. Society for Applied Bacteriology Technical Series No. Google Scholar. The minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to take place. One group of chemolithotrophs can perform the first part of the nitrification process, ammonia oxidation, while a different group of chemolithotrophs can perform the nitrite oxidation that occurs in the second part of nitrification. 1988 Growth of Nitrobacter in the absence of dissolved oxygen Water Res. 0000043160 00000 n 33 slides Chemoautotrophs and photosynthetic eubacteria ramukhan 9.5k views 70 slides FERMENTATIONS , PHOTOSYNTHESIS & NITROGEN FIXATION Vidya Kalaivani Rajkumar 1k views 23 slides B.Sc Micro II Microbial physiology Unit 1 Bacterial Photosynthesis Rai University 48.2k views 68 slides Slideshows for you 3 159196, Rittenberg, S. C. 1972 The obligate autotrophthe demise of a concept Antonie van Leeuwenhoek J. Microbiol. Biosphere 25 251264, Gommers, P. J. F., Kuenen, J. G. 1988 Thiobacillus strain Q, a chemolithoheterotrophic sulphur bacterium Arch. Biol. Communities on biochar and MEBs were dominated by a novel Gammaproteobacterium. Timmer-ten-Hoor, A. 0000055870 00000 n Epub 2017 Aug 19. What roles do bacteria/archaea play in the nitrogen cycle? Chemolithotrophy can occur aerobically or anaerobically. nov., a marine obligately chemolithotrophic hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium Int. 171 219229, Kelly, D. P., Wood, A. P. 2000 The genus Thiobacillus Beijerinck N. R. Krieg, J. T. Staley, and D. J. Brenner (ed.s) Bergeys manual of systematic bacteriology, 2nd ed. In: Dworkin, M., Falkow, S., Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, KH., Stackebrandt, E. (eds) The Prokaryotes. See this image and copyright information in PMC. Biotechnol. Rev. 134 718727, Edwards, M. R. 1998 From a soup or a seed? 10 136 262269, Nelson, D. C., Revsbech, N. P., Jrgensen;, B. In: Florkin, M., Mason, H. S. Such beneficial outcomes could be partially mediated by soil bacteria, however little is known about how they directly interact with biochar or MEB. Autotrophic organisms convert inorganic molecules into organic compounds. 2 57:121. Microbiol. Do not sell or share my personal information, 1. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Journal of Microbiology and Serology 42:483492. Abt. Bacteriol. Microbiol. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. A non-nitrogen compound would serve as the electron acceptor. A chemotroph is an organism that obtains energy by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments. India, nitrate and sulfate reduction ; methanogenesis and acetogenesis, Biosynthesis and Metabolism of Carbohydrates in Bacteria, Potential application of fungi in industry final, Historical developments, microorganisms important in food bacteria. 33B 241261, Justin, P., Kelly, D. P. 1978 Growth kinetics of Thiobacillus denitrificans in anaerobic and aerobic chemostat culture J. Gen. Microbio. 45 489600, 606616, Winogradsky, S. 1922 Eisenbakterien als Anorgoxydanten Centralbl. What is the reverse electron flow and how/why is it used by some chemolithoautotrophs? Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Front Microbiol. These bacteria (220 species of 60 genera) can use a large variety of compounds as electron donors and to mediate electron flow . These bacteria are most commonly encountered as the rusty coloured and slimy layer that builds up on the inside of toilet tanks. Ferric iron reduction by sulfur-and iron-oxidizing bacteria. Bacteriol. Pan Y, Kang P, Tan M, Hu J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Song N, Li X. 0000047357 00000 n CAS Such taxonomic lumping does have value since some fundamental aspects of carbon and energy metabolism unify many of chemolithotrophs into an acceptable physiological family. Evol. Ribulose diphosphate carboxylase from autotrophic microorganisms. Microbiol. Indeed, the most dangerous for artifacts are the . Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. 46 329337, London, J., Rittenberg, S. C. 1967 Thiobacillus perometabolis nov. Chemotroph - Wikipedia Oren - Major Reference Works - Wiley Online Library Energy-coupling mechanisms in chemolithotrophic bacteria. We've updated our privacy policy. Root exudates and rhizosphere soil bacterial relationships of. 96 573574, Brierley, J. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. 151 1519, Nishihara, H., Igarashi, Y., Kodawa, T. 1989 Isolation of an obligately chemolithoautotrophic, halophilic and aerobic hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium from marine environment Arch. 42 483492, Umbreit, W. W. 1947 Problems of autotrophy Bact. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 32:567571. Microbiol. Click here to review the details. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Journal of Microbiology and Serology 38:457478. B., Revsbech, N. P. 1986b Growth pattern and yield of chemoautotrophic Beggiatoa sp. Chemolithotrophy (Chapter 10) - Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism 0000019448 00000 n Autotrophy and the origins of metabolism Trends Biochem. Weinheim: Verlag Chemie. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. The chemolithotrophic bacteria and archaea are defined by their ability to oxidize inorganic atoms or molecules as a growth-supporting reductant and energy source. 0000009714 00000 n 0000004937 00000 n Bakteriol. A lithoautotroph is an organism which derives energy from reactions of reduced compounds of mineral (inorganic) origin. Archives of Microbiology 116:4149. Kelly, D. P., Wood, A. P. 1984 Potential for methylotrophic autotrophy in Thiobacillus versutus (Thiobacillus sp. Bacteriol. Careers. Two kinds of lithotrophs missing in nature. Journal of General Microbiology 114:113. Biochemistry, physiology and biotechnology of sulfate-reducing bacteria 0000016332 00000 n How are different nitrogen compounds used in their metabolism? endstream endobj 2324 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[103 2161]/Length 66/Size 2264/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream In a reaction, the reactant molecules come together a, In classical physics, energy is defined as the amount of work a body or system is capable of doing against a force. Sci. 2023 Feb 17;20(4):3587. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043587. Roll no.-1601 ATP is gained by the process of oxidative phosphorylation, using an ETC, PMF, and ATP synthase. Chemoheterotrophs (or chemotrophic heterotrophs) are unable to fix carbon to form their own organic compounds. Some of the electron donors used by chemolithotrophs have a redox potential higher than that of NAD (P) + /NAD (P)H (Table 10.1). Journal of Bacteriology 134:718727. What conversion is occurring for each? 57 121, Woese, C. R. 1987 Bacterial evolution Microbiol. 0000047273 00000 n Unable to display preview. Introduction to the Chemolithotrophic Bacteria | SpringerLink This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Chemoautotrophs, in addition to deriving energy from chemical reactions, synthesize all necessary organic compounds from carbon dioxide. 0000024652 00000 n 38 457478, Robertson, L. A., Kuenen, J. G. 1983 Thiosphaera pantotropha gen. nov. sp. Entropy ber Eisenbacterien. Microbial growth on C1-compounds American Society for Microbiology Washington D. C. Kelly, D. P. 1985 Crossroads for archaebacteria Nature 313 734, Kelly, D. P. 1987 Sulphur bacteria first again Nature 326 830831, Kelly, D. P. 1988 Oxidation of sulphur compounds Soc. Evidence for the presence of phosphoriboisomerase and ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase in extracts of Desulfovibrio vulgaris. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Autotrophicbacteria Springer-Verlag Berlin Science Tech Publishers Madison WI 397413, Thauer, R. K., Jungermann, K., Decker, K. 1977 Energy conservation in chemotrophic anaerobic bacteria Bacteriol. 160 306311, Beudeker, R. F., Kerver, J. W. M., Kuenen, J. G. 1981aOccurrence, structure, and function of intracellular polyglucose in the obligate chemolithotroph Thiobacillus neapolitanus Arch. ber Schwefelbacterien. . Microbiol. Only the amount needed by the cell is reduced. 7 85106, CAS Journal of Bacteriology 110:633642. Accordingly, it was . PDF Chemolithotroph Bacteria: From Biology to Application in Medical Sciences These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. The process was first described by the Russian microbiologist Sergej Winogradsky (1887, 1888). Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive. These nitrifying bacteria are important in the operation of the global nitrogen cycle. But, chemoautotrophs and chemolithotrophs do not usually face competition from other microorganisms , so the energy they are able to obtain is sufficient to sustain their existence. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 205:12281229. PMC The process is performed by diazotrophs, a limited number of bacteria and archaea that can grow without an external source of fixed nitrogen, because of their abilities. These chemoautotrophs oxidize ammonia (NH3) to nitrate (NO3-). 0000002347 00000 n Bioleaching: metal solubilization by microorganisms 116 4149, PubMed 1976 Ferric iron reduction by sulfur-and iron-oxidizing bacteria Appl. A new proposal for the classification of prokaryotic organisms Mol. Google Scholar. Marine ecology John Wiley & Sons London. Sci. nov Int. Phylogenetic tree based on the OTU0001s partial 16S rRNA gene sequence (482 nucleotides) and 16S rRNA gene sequences from related organisms. startxref (eds) The Prokaryotes. In most cases, electron donors with a redox potential lower than NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H are oxidized and this is coupled with the reduction of coenzyme Q or cytochromes for the efficient utilization of the electron donors at low concentration. Just like denitrification, the anammox reaction removes fixed nitrogen from a local environment, releasing it to the atmosphere. A., de Bruijn, P., Robertson, L. A., Jetten, M. S. M., Kuenen, J. G. 1997 Metabolic pathway of anaerobic ammonium oxidation on the basis of 15N studies in a fluidized bed reactor Microbiology (UK) 143 24152421, van Gool, A., Tobback, P. P., Fischer, I. Most chemolithotrophs are autotrophs (chemolithoautotrophs), where they fix atmospheric carbon dioxide to assemble the organic compounds that they need. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. A., Norris, P. R., Kelly, D. P., Le Roux, N. W. 1978 Characteristics of a moderately thermophilic and acidophilic iron-oxidizing Thiobacillus Europ. Tap here to review the details. Microbiol. ), Comparative biochemistry, vol. Google Scholar, Badziong, W., Thauer, R. K., Zeikus, J. G. 1978 Isolation and characterization of Desulfovibrio growing on hydrogen plus sulfate as the sole energy source Arch. Rittenberg, S. C. 1969. 11 335365, Kelly, D. P. 1967 Problems of the autotrophic microorganisms Science Progress 55 3551, Kelly, D. P. 1971 Autotrophy: concepts of lithotrophic bacteria and their organic metabolism Ann. Lett. Companion to microbiology Longman London. A. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 23:319324. 153 105110, Brierley, J. Pune-4, Biochemistry: A Brief History of Biochemsitry, A Pragmatic Approach for Solving the Sports Scheduling Problem-presentation.pdf. Soil biochar amendment as a climate change mitigation tool: Key parameters and mechanisms involved. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. There are several common groups of chemoautotrophic bacteria. We've encountered a problem, please try again. 41 419448, Smock, A. M., Bottcher, M. E., Cypionka, H. 1998 Fractionation of sulfur isotopes during thiosulfate reduction by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans Arch. 1976 Energetic aspects of the metabolism of reduced sulphur compounds in Thiobacillus denitrificans Antonie van Leeuwenhoek J. Microbiol. We've encountered a problem, please try again. Growth yields and the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation during autotrophic growth of Paracoccus denitrificans on methanol and formate. R. L. Crawford and R. S. Hanson (ed.) Some microbes are chemolithoheterotrophs, using an inorganic chemical for their energy and electron needs, but relying on organic chemicals in the environment for their carbon needs. A., Brierley, C. L. 1968 Urea as a nitrogen source of thiobacilli J. Bacteriol. They are known to grow and proliferate in waters containing iron concentrations as low as 0.1mg/L. Ecol. nov., Thiothrix fructosivorans sp, International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, Biogeochemical cycling of iron and sulphur in leaching environments, Thioploca spp: filamentous sulfur bacteria with nitrate vacuoles, Thermodynamic aspects of energy conservation by chemolithotrophic sulfur bacteria in relation to the sulfur oxidation pathways, Oxidative metabolism of inorganic sulfur compounds by bacteria, Acidophiles in bioreactor mineral processing, Sulfur chemistry, biofilm, and the (in)direct attack mechanism: a critical evaluation of bacterial leaching, Sulfur chemistry in bacterial leaching of pyrite, Use of microorganisms in protection of environments from pollution by sulfur compounds, Chemolithotrophic bacteria in copper ores leached at high sulfuric acid concentration, Leaching of pyrite by acidophilic heterotrophic iron-oxidizing bacteria in pure and mixed cultures, Vanadium(V) reduction in Thiobacillus thiooxidans cultures on elemental sulfur, Screening for genetic diversity of isolates of anaerobic Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria using DGGE and whole-cell hybridization, Identification of membrane-bound c-type cytochromes in an acidophilic ferrous ion oxidizing bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, Metallosphaera prunae, sp nov, a novel metal-mobilizing, thermoacidophilic archaeum, isolated from a uranium mine in Germany, Ferroplasma acidiphilum gen. nov., sp nov., an acidophilic, autotrophic, ferrous-iron-oxidizing, cell-wall-lacking, mesophilic member of the Ferroplasmaceae fam. Microbiol. 2. Two other bacteria belonging to the genus Thiobacillus and a novel group within the Oxalbacteraceae were enriched only on the MEBs and they had the genetic capacity for thiosulfate oxidation. 47 508516, Gde, H., Strohl, W. R., Larkin, J. M. 1981 Mixotrophic and heterotrophic growth of Beggiatoaalba in continuous culture Arch. Microbiol. Microbiol. Ihre Lebensprozesse spielen sich nach einem viel einfacheren Schema ab; durch einen rein anorganischen chemischen Prozesswerden alle ihre Lebensbewegungen im Gange erhalten. 169 460463, Stanley, S. H., Dalton, H. 1982 Role of ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in Methylococcus capsulatus J. Gen. Microbiol. Enzymes of a reductive citric acid cycle in the autotrophic Desulfobacter hydrogenophilus Arch. 153 294298, Nishihara, H., Igarashi, Y., Kodama, T. 1991 Hydrogenovibrio marinus gen. nov. sp. Baas Becking, L. G. M., Parks, G. S. 1927 Energy relations in the metabolism of autotrophic bacteria Physiol. References Botanische Zeitung, 46, 261270. By oxidizing the compounds, the energy stored in chemical bonds can be utilized in cellular processes. Chemoorganotrophic growth of Nitrobacter agilis Arch. 13 178181, Eisenmann, E., Beuerle, J., Sulger, K., Kroneck, P. M. H., Schumacher, W. 1995 Lithotrophic growth of Sulfospirillum deleyianum with sulfide as electron donor coupled to respiratory reduction of nitrate to ammonia Microbiol. Examples of iron bacteria are Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and Thiobacillus thiooxidans. Frontiers of life, Editions Frontieres Gif-sur-Yvette France 307315, Gogarten, J. P. 1995 The early evolution of cellular life Trends Ecol. 1992 Life at the upper temperature border J. Tran Thanh Van, K. Tran Thanh Van, H. C. Mounlou, J. Schneider, and C. McKay (ed.s) Frontiers of life, Editions Frontieres Gif-sur-Yvette France 195219, Taylor, S. 1977 Evidence for the presence of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and phosphoribulokinase in Methylococcuscapsulatus (Bath) FEMS Microbiol. Autotrophic bacteria Springer-Verlag Berlin and Science Tech Publishers Madison WI 1732, Zillig, W., Yeats, S., Holz, I., Bck, A., Gropp, F., Rettenberger, M., Lutz, S. 1985 Plasmid-related anaerobic autotrophy of the novel archaebacterium Sulfolobus ambivalens Nature 313 789791, Zillig, W., Yeats, S., Holz, I., Bck, A., Rettenberger, M., Gropp, F., Simon, G. 1986 Desulfurolobus ambivalens gen. nov., sp. on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Chemolithotrophic bacteria that use sulfate as terminal electron acceptor (sulfate-reducing bacteria) constitute a unique physiological group of microorganisms that couple anaerobic electron transport to ATP synthesis. An example of one of these prokaryotes would be Sulfolobus. Chemolithoautotrophic bacteria - Cambrian Foundation Most chemoautotrophs are extremophiles, bacteria or archaea that live in hostile environments (such as deep sea vents) and are the primary producers in such ecosystems. How do. Whittenbury, R., Kelly, D. P. 1977. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Ecol. 181 15691575, Wagner, M., Roger, A. J., Flax, J. L., Brusseau, G. A., Stahl, D. A. 05 September 2012. ), Mineral formation by bacteria in natural microbial communities, Microbes as geologic agents: their role in mineral formation, Micro-organisms and Earth Systems: Advances in Geomicrobiology, In search of a thermodynamic description of biomass yields for the chemotrophic growth of microorganisms, No soup for starters? 0000060061 00000 n Ph.D. Thesis. Geobiology Group Geoscience Center, University of Gttingen, Goldschmidtstr. . Denitrifying microbes perform anaerobic respiration, using NO3- as an alternate final electron acceptor to O2. Front Plant Sci. 18421858, Kelly, D. P. 1990 Energetics of chemolithotrophs T. A. Krulwich (ed.) 0000002568 00000 n Oxidation of trivalent antimony up to higher oxides as a source of energy for the development of a new autotrophic organism, Stibiobacter, gen. no v. [in Russian, with English summary.] 1979 Chemosynthetic primary production at East Pacific sea floor spreading centres Bioscience 29 592598, Jones, C. A., Kelly, D. P. 1983 Growth of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans on ferrous iron in chemostat culture: influence of product and substrate inhibition J. Chem. Evidence for the presence of ribulose 1,5-bisphos-phate carboxylase and phosphoribulokinase in Methylo-coccus capsulatus (Bath). Some of the electron donors used by chemolithotrophs have a redox potential higher than that of NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H (Table 10.1). Bacteria which use chemolithotrophic energy metabolism are soil and water species in the order Pseudomonadales, suborder Pseudomonadineae. Chemolithotrophy & Nitrogen Metabolism. 0000006550 00000 n M.D. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. 164 180185, Evans, M. C. W., Buchanan, B. Archives of Microbiology 117:209214. <<2BA946479B978D4B846C4D95FC028DE9>]/Prev 510177/XRefStm 2347>> The role of microorganisms in the weathering of minerals has long been recognized ().More recent interest in the role of Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) has been driven by the recognition that Fe(II)-bearing mineral phases, such as Fe(II)-silicates and pyrite, represent a potential wealth of energy to fuel chemolithotrophic metabolisms, both terrestrially and on other rocky planetary bodies . Chemoautotrophic and Chemolithotrophic Bacteria - Encyclopedia.com These bacteria are distinct from the sulfur bacteria that utilize sunlight. Frontiers of life, Editions Frontieres, Gif-sur-Yvette France 97104, Clark, D. A., Norris, P. R. 1996 Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans gen. nov., sp. 2017 Mar 1;581-582:689-696. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.181. Bioleaching is a simple and effective technology for metal extraction from low-grade ores and mineral concentrates. Only bacteria are chemolithotrophs. To save content items to your account, Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-2115 Aromatic-turmerone ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis via modulating gut microbiota in mice. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. 166 181186, Davis, O. H., Doudoroff, M., Stanier, R. Y. Google Scholar. nov., a facultatively anaerobic, facultatively autotrophic sulphur bacterium J. Gen. Microbiol. But how much less than 32 molecules of ATP greatly depends upon the actual donor and acceptor being used. Chemolitho (auto)trophic bacteria Elemental sulfur granules present in the tissues of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria from a submerged cave in central Florida.