On March 15, LIV Golf announced an eight-tournament, $255 million seriescalled the LIV Golf Invitationalthat will kick off at the Centurion Club outside of London the week before the U.S. Open starting June 9. The Gulf kingdom is one of the states accused of investing in sport and using high-profile events to. According to a report in The Telegraph, two-time Masters champ Bubba Watson, along with European Ryder Cup stars Lee Westwood and Ian Poulter as well as five-time tour winner Kevin Na are among those expected to join the $225 million league. So if they want to *ensure* they are playing for the top dollars, they will likely give LIV more consideration, IMO.. In mid 2018, I bogeyed the last hole in back to back events in Germany and Ireland to M/C by 1 shot, Pepperell wrote.
Arnold Palmer Invitational pres. by Mastercard 2023 - PGA TOUR Golf Help: You are on Saudi Ladies International (Ladies European Tour) page. The Tour is the Players Tour not your administration's Tour. Just some thoughts. Shae Wools-Cobb (Aus) shot a third round 65 to be on top of the leaderboard with a two shot lead at 17 under in the NZ$1.52 million New Zealand Open presented by SKY SPORT on the Asian Tour. In his latest thread, Pepperell ended it this way: I *think* the PGAT had the momentum and the opportunity to leave LIV for dead next year by simply doing what its doing this year; offering up tons of money to all the guys on the PGAT. Critics say new PGA Tour events copy LIV. 24 Jan 2022 . Qualifying School 2022 - Final Stage. Where To Watch. Varner then made a birdie on the par-4 17th before rolling in a 92-foot eagle putt from just off the green to wildly pull out the win with a final-round one-under 69 and a 13-under 267 total. I believe in big events, comparisons to historical figures of the past. There's plenty of money out here. Nelly Korda, Jessica Korda, Lexi Thompson and Brooke Henderson headline the Ladies European Tour event on U.S. soil. However, should a high number of 35-and-younger players with playing pedigrees and popularity side with the Saudi-backed league in the following months and years, professional golf could transform into professional boxing, a sport whose competition has been watered down by rivaling governing bodies with conflicting financial interests. Golf Saudi backs six of the events on the LET schedule. Hideto Tanihara, Peter Uihlein, Patrick Reed (-5), T6. LIV Golf kicked off in Mexico, the Honda Classic provided some drama despite the lack of star power and the LPGA returned with a breakthrough win. Theyre responsible for their own P&L profit and loss. Golfchannel.com has the right to live stream the Saudi International golf 2022 online for the fans of the USA. In that case, I dont think LIV will survive more than a couple years. Tiger Woods turned down 'high nine digits' to join Saudi-backed golf series. One of the worst things to happen: Pro rants after PGA Tour change, 'I hate them': Not every player seems to like the PGA Tour's designated event changes, Pro waits 12 hours to make first cut and it made more than his family happy, What Rory McIlroy may be lacking, according to Jack Nicklaus, Sponsor's exemption disqualified from Arnold Palmer Invitational after signing incorrect scorecard, 2023 Arnold Palmer Invitational tee times: Round 3 groupings for Saturday. Chase Koepka, Peter Uihlein, Brooks Koepka, Jason Kokrak, Jediah Morgan, Hideto Tanihara, Scott Vincent, Joaquin Niemann, Turk Petit, James Piot, Hudson Swafford, Harold Varner III, Sergio Garcia, Abraham Ancer, Carlos Ortiz, Eugenio Lopez-Chacarra, Branden Grace, Shaun Norris, Louis Oosthuizen, Charl Schwartzel, Talor Gooch, Dustin Johnson, Patrick Reed, Pat Perez, Bernd Wiesbeger, Phil Mickelson, Matthew Wolff, Cameron Tringale, Sam Horsfield, Ian Poulter, Lee Westwood, Henrik Stenson, Matt Jones, Wade Ormsby, Cameron Smith, Marc Leishman, Bryson DeChambeau, Paul Casey, Charles Howell III, Anirban Lahiri, Sadom Kaewkanjana, Phacara Khongwatmai, Sihwan Kim, Kevin Na, Richard Bland, Laurie Canter, Martin Kaymer, Graeme McDowell. Heres the prize money payout break down (separate from appearance fees) for each golfer who made the cut in the event. LIV Golf kicked off in Mexico, the Honda Classic provided some drama despite the lack of star power and the LPGA returned with a breakthrough win. Pros outside the 50 will still have opportunities to make the big-money designated tournaments but an offer from LIV, which plays all of its events with just 48 players and no cut, could now become more attractive, he wrote. . We have a South African team. The former NCAA individual champion carded five birdies against just on bogey and is tied with his fellow Niblicks teammate James Piot. Nexstar CEO Perry Sook said viewership for The CW's inaugural live broadcast of the LIV Golf League "exceeded our expectations" despite just an average of 289,000 viewers and a 0.18 household . Speaking earlier in June, he said he was "indifferent" to this first tournament, adding: "I certainly don't think the field is anything to jump up and down about. So my opinion is probably worth, well, nothing., That may be true. Our decision regarding our field for the 2022 U.S. Open should not be construed as the USGA supporting an alternative organizing entity, nor supportive of any individual player actions or comments. Round 1.
Leaderboard - Final Stage 2022 - DP World Tour "We're talking about high nine digits.
LIV Golf Day 3 Live Updates: Phil Mickelson, Dustin Johnson Chasing Start the Golf Season off right with InsideGOLF ($100 value - just $20). Ive decided for myself that Im supporting the PGA Tour. ", Rory McIlroy, who has not played any event in Saudi Arabia over "moral" issues, declared the LIV Golf idea "dead in the water" in February. With the fledgling league beginning in earnest, its time to catch up on what has transpired thus far, what we know and what we dont, and the ramifications of a possible fissure in professional golf. This incredible pool of corporate dollars sitting there waiting. "And surely, your lawyers at the PGA Tour must be holding their breathfor decades, I have fought for the rights of players to enjoy a career in which they are rewarded fully and properly for their efforts. A win this week ($4 million) or solo second ($2,125,000) would eclipse that payday. LIV Golf aspired to have its own global professional tour, often referred to as the Super Golf League. The PGL attempted to achieve a partnership with the European Tour but failed, with the Euro Tour eventually agreeing to a strategic alliance with the PGA Tour. Stark has won three times on the LET this season. Nelly Korda, Jessica Korda, Lexi Thompson and Brooke Henderson headline the Ladies European Tour event on U.S. soil. Former World No.
Golf Shaft Market 2023 : New Recent Developments, Trade Regulations 3 team, and Americans being furious when the South Africans or the Swedes beat out the American team. As for the idea that players may be excommunicated from the tour if they join the SGL, Monahan remains steadfast in his declaration from January 2020: them or us. With its new TV deal, LIV airs in every . And we ultimately decided that they should not," read a statement. Thompson played the team portion of the event with former NFL player Brice Butler. LIV Golf is a start-up organisation, fronted by two-time major winner and former world number one Greg Norman. The LPGA does not have a tournament this week and heads next to South Korea. And I think about college golf, which as a team sport garners almost no attention. Is LIV Golf making the world a better place? The PGA of America was direct in its answer, with CEO Seth Waugh stating at the 2021 PGA Championship that those players who joined the rival league would not be allowed in future PGA Championships or Ryder Cups. Phil Mickelson has also jumped to LIV Golf and will play in the London event, ending the 51-year-olds three-month sabbatical from golf. In the UK, the official streaming service of FreeSports, FreeSports Players will live stream the tournament online. Standings.
Augusta National, the USGA and R&A issued statements supporting the PGA Tour and European Tour in May 2021, yet most of the statements didn't address the playing status of those who defect. The Asian Tour was a sleeping giant. LIV Golf players have gotten a wave of positive news recently after expecting to be banned from major events in 2023.
Why an economist who talked with Greg Norman doesn't think LIV will survive Exemption categories are subject to change until the closing date for entries, Sept. 1, 2023. The PGA Tour's newest changes, one pro says, could instead change LIV Golf. 1. Coincidentally, this clashed with Normans first try to challenge the PGA Tour through his attempt to launch the World Tour. The fourth edition of the Saudi International gets underway on Thursday at the Royal Greens Golf and Country Club in King Abdullah Economic City.
Here is the prize money payout for each golfer at the 2022 Saudi The Aramco Team Series is the first team event series of its kind on any professional tour. Catch up on the weekend in golf. However, he has since resigned his PGA Tour membership and signed to LIV Golf for a reported $150m. But Rory McIlroy and Sungjae Im clearly didn't get the memo that Scheffler was supposed to . 74. In late 2021, it was announced they were to commit more than $200m (145m) to 10 new Asian Tour events to be staged annually over the next decade. A possible engagement bump is brewing for Turk Petit who popped the question to his now fiance Thursday on the Red Sea. Stalwarts of the European Ryder Cup team, including England's Lee Westwood and Ian Poulter, Northern Ireland's Graeme McDowell and Spain's Sergio Garcia, are also in the field. Nick Piastowski is a Senior Editor at Golf.com and Golf Magazine. Teams. The first seven events will each boast $25 million purses, $20 million for individual prizes and another $5 million for the team competition. . Koepka has always been a golfer to play his best golf in the second or third week of a competitive stretch. Good for a two-stroke lead over LIV London winner Charl Schwartzel, Koepka is now in position to raise his first trophy since the 2021 WM Phoenix Open on the PGA Tour. LIV Golf LIVE leaderboard: Grace holds off . For clarity, here is Levitts complete takeaway (and you can listen to the podcast here): Is Greg Normans story believable? Other hosts include Stonehill Golf Club in Bangkok and Royal Greens Golf Club in Jeddah. To improve its reputation, especially to the Western world, Saudi Arabia has heavily invested in various athletic organizations and events, a practice often referred to as sportswashing. This exercise, particularly when used by state-run groups, is considered a form of propaganda to distract the public from its abuses. In February 2022, LIV Golf announced a $300 million, 10-year investment in the Asian Tour at the Saudi International (which now falls under the Asian Tour umbrella and is sponsored by PIF) that . No Cuts: Watch your favorites throughout the event. Tickets Store. The Masters, PGA Championship, US Open, The Open ), LIV Golf, DP World Tour, LPGA, Korn Ferry Tour and more. Nick Piastowski is a Senior Editor at Golf.com and Golf Magazine. 1656811317. .
Saudi International GOLF 2022: Round 4 Tee Times, TV Coverage, and Live It appears the first event will be made available on YouTube and Facebook.
Aramco Team Series Home It was just around the corner.. Canada Soccer still has to conclude its deal with the men's team to secure labour peace. Dont shout at me, I know Ive probably missed something. I believe the Europeans feel the same way, and so I don't know that we can be more clear than that. How to watch the 2023 Arnold Palmer Invitational on Friday: Round 2 TV schedule, streaming. LIV Golf: Day 1 leaderboard.
The PGA Tour, in a memo obtained by ESPN, told its members that, starting in 2024, eight designated events will have fields between 70 to 80 players and no cuts. 1 Greg Norman and media tycoon Rupert Murdoch attempted to create a World Golf Tour in the mid-1990s featuring the top players competing in an eight-event series. He last played at the Saudi International in February before taking a four-month self-imposed exile after making "reckless" comments about the Saudi regime, for which he has since apologised.
US Open golf 2022 LIVE leaderboard: Matt Fitzpatrick edges Will Its really nice to see her win and its really good for golf for her to win as well, said Korda. Today is the final day of the Saudi International golf 2022. Look at the field in Canada [the PGA Tour Canadian Open starts on Thursday]. Then, the next year, he played in the WGC-Mexico Championship and the WGC-FedEx St. Jude Invitational, both no-cut events. You can change your choices at any time by clicking on the 'Privacy dashboard' links on our sites and apps. The tour is adamant they have the legal authority to issue disciplinary measures, and Norman has openly expressed his desires for players to challenge that authority. Harold Varner III drained a huge eagle putt on the 18th hole of the final round to snatch victory at the 2022 Saudi International on Sunday.. A shot behind Bubba Watson and off the front edge of . The 2022 Saudi International has a prize money purse of $5 million. Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund (PIF), which helped bankroll the recent takeover of Newcastle United, is the majority shareholder in the firm. There will also be shotgun starts in order to fit the events in a shorter time window, along with a team component, with 48 players divided between 12 squads. But you didnt do that.. The monthly subscription will cost you $4.99. FootJoy has released the new HyperFlex and HyperFlex carbon golf series that feature fresh designs with added color.
Golf: Saudi International live - results, leaderboard - Livesport.com Technically, there are two entities trying to rival the tour: the Premier Golf League and a Saudi-backed golf tour.
2022 Saudi International powered by SoftBank Investment Advisers | Golf 1 Nelly Korda won the Aramco Team Series event at Sotogrande in Spain in August while big sister Jessica won the team portion. Bei der Nutzung unserer Websites und Apps verwenden wir, unsere Websites und Apps fr Sie bereitzustellen, Nutzer zu authentifizieren, Sicherheitsmanahmen anzuwenden und Spam und Missbrauch zu verhindern, und, Ihre Nutzung unserer Websites und Apps zu messen, personalisierte Werbung und Inhalte auf der Grundlage von Interessenprofilen anzuzeigen, die Effektivitt von personalisierten Anzeigen und Inhalten zu messen, sowie, unsere Produkte und Dienstleistungen zu entwickeln und zu verbessern. Carrying that momentum, the 32-year-old was at it again at 2022 LIV Golf Jeddah on Friday and opened with a flawless round of 8-under 62 at Royal Greens Golf & Country Club. Now, certainly, there are teams the South African team. Im in a way better financial position than I was a decade ago and my life is no different. Rather, it is simply a response to whether or not the USGA views playing in an alternative event, without the consent of their home tour, an offense that should disqualify them for the U.S. Open.. Even after the crash in 2022, the price of Bitcoin is 2,000 times higher today than when I confidently declared it a bubble. Subscribe to Asian Tour Newsletter . The steady backlash from critics who have accused the Saudi government . Johnson's last win was the 2020 Masters, held in November. Though questions have arisen if the tour can lawfully ban a player for life, legal experts confirmed to Golf Digest that the PGA Tour would likely win any battle challenging its authority to do so. Those 12 principal players own 25 percent of that franchise. The series will feature six more tournaments of this nature in 2022 - four in the United States, one in Thailand and one in Saudi Arabia - each having the same $25m prize fund, meaning every leg of the series is more lucrative than the richest tournament on the PGA Tour. ASIAN TOUR ASIAN TOUR . Lakes Course, Infinitum, Tarragona, Spain Results Leaderboard Tee Times Entry List Course DP World Tour Partners . "Bryson has always been an innovator, agent Brett Falkoff wrote to multiple outlets. Connect with us on Social Media . ), golf news, men's golf rankings and women's golf rankings. Saudi Arabia's PIF has Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman as its chairman. Tom Kershaw 3 July 2022 02:26. Last year, $40 million was allocated for the top 10 players on the tours PIP standings, with $50 million assigned for 2022. We're going to grow the game, give more opportunities to players, and create a more entertaining product for fans. But the endeavor was squashed as then-PGA Tour Commissioner Tim Finchem flexed both the tours legal chops and standing in the game.
THE MATERIAL ON THIS SITE MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED, DISTRIBUTED, TRANSMITTED, CACHED OR OTHERWISE USED, EXCEPT WITH THE PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION OF DISCOVERY GOLF, INC. 2023 DISCOVERY GOLF, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, Here is the prize money payout for each golfer at the 2022 Saudi International. Bearing this in mind you can access the Golf Channel through streaming options such as AT&T TV Now and fuboTV. -. World No. 12 Teams. ", T3. Look, Ive lived itfor the top guys, all that money really isnt going to change their life, McIlroy told Golf Digests Dan Rapaport. But still it surprises me, given that perspective, Im just surprised that you didnt more self-consciously build the franchises around geography to play up on this element, Levitt said. The league owns 75 percent of it. After squandering his 54-hole lead with a double bogey on the 14th hole and bogey on the 16th, Varner was two shots back of Bubba Watson with two holes to play at Royal Greens Golf & Country Club. OK, Norman said, and the conversation changed. For background, in a four-event stretch in 2018, Pepperell was DQd for signing an incorrect scorecard at the BMW International Open and missed the cut at the Irish Open before finishing second at the Scottish Open ad sixth at the Open Championship. Flashscore.com offers final leaderboard, round results and hole-by-hole scores for each player. "Hes never had any issue with the PGA Tour and is grateful for all its given him but in the end felt this was too compelling to pass up.. Schedule. Korn Ferry Tour.
Asian Tour | Professional Golf Tour in Asia LIV Golf League Leaderboard | LIV Golf . So he has to bring in individuals to help him manage his team. DUSTIN JOHNSON 2021. ", Phil Mickelson said he "needed more balance on and off the course and this gives me an opportunity for more balance". GOLF.com and GOLF Magazine are published by EB GOLF MEDIA LLC, a division of 8AM GOLF, Theyve opened themselves up: Pro says Tour changes could lead to LIV exodus, Tiger Woods skipping Players Championship, Masters likely next start, I hate them: Not every player seems to like the PGA Tours designated event changes, 2023 Arnold Palmer Invitational: How to watch, TV schedule, streaming, tee times, Meet the new GOLF Top 100 Teachers of America, Gimme that: Arnold Palmer umbrella logo hats for every style, Arnold Palmer Invitational presented by Mastercard. aditi ashok ladies european tour ladies saudi international leaderboard lexi thompson lilia vu lpga lydia ko news result saudi . Schedule Teams Players Latest News About Format Careers Report A Fake. Weitere Informationen ber die Verwendung Ihrer personenbezogenen Daten finden Sie in unserer Datenschutzerklrung und unserer Cookie-Richtlinie. Analysis and opinion from the BBC's golf correspondent.
LIV Golf's CW debut scores low ratings; Nexstar CEO bullish The first state-of-the-art golf facility in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, built for Women's champions as well as men events. The two-time major winner was previously linked to the fledgling circuit, although Johnson came out with a statement in February pledging loyalty to the PGA Tour. Five of the events will be held in the United States. 3d Critics say new PGA Tour events copy LIV. Unable to take advantage of the gettable par-5 18th, the four-time major champion then caught fire on the front nine of Royal Greens making five birdies against zero bogeys. However, the current framework began to arise in earnest in the fall of 2019, to the point that current PGA Tour Commissioner Jay Monahan issued a warning in January 2020 that any player who sided with a rival league would face suspension and possibly a lifetime ban. After squandering his 54-hole lead with a double bogey on the 14th hole and bogey on the 16th, Varner was two shots back of Bubba Watson with two holes to play at Royal Greens Golf & Country Club. I just dont see the franchise model working, at least in its current form. Others Mix. -. Thompson lost to Korda last year in a playoff at the Pelican Womens Championship.
DP World Tour Leaderboard - Golf - BBC Sport Until this month, the short history of the Saudi Arabian government's nascent professional golf circuit could split neatly into two eras. A closing 64 included a 14-foot eagle of his own on the 18th to seemingly lock up the title before Varner, still searching for a PGA Tour win, pulled off his heroics. The fans will be able to enjoy the games cheering their favorite star. A post shared by Ladies European Tour (@letgolf). As of writing, here are those scheduled to appear at the London opener: Oliver Bekker, Richard Bland, Laurie Canter, TK Chantananuwat, Hennie Du Plessis, Oliver Fisher, Sergio Garcia, Talor Gooch, Branden Grace, Justin Harding, Sam Horsfield, Dustin Johnson, Matt Jones, Sadom Kaewkanjana, Martin Kaymer, Phachara Khongwatmai, Sihwan Kim, Ryosuke Kinoshita, Chase Koepka, Jinichiro Kozuma, Pablo Larrazabal, Graeme McDowell, Jediah Morgan, Kevin Na, Shaun Norris, Andy Ogletree, Louis Oosthuizen, Wade Ormsby, Adrian Otaegui, Turk Pettit, James Piot, Ian Poulter, David Puig, JC Ritchie, Charles Schwartzel, Hudson Swafford, Hideto Tanihara, Peter Uihlein, Scott Vincent, Lee Westwood, Bernd Wiesberger, Blake Windred.
LIV Golf London results, highlights: Phil Mickelson, Dustin Johnson DUSTIN JOHNSON 2019. So whether its LIV or now the PGA Tour, as someone who has played competitively for years now, removing the cut is one of the worst things to happen to the game in the last 12 months. "I think last week was kind of a turning point for me," Koepka said. The eighth event will offer $30 million for the top three players of the season, with another $50 million for teams in total prize funds. HAROLD VARNER 2022. Listen to all-new versions of their biggest hits and a surprising cover, Find out if the privatisation of the company could have had an impact on today's energy price crisis, Get lost in old favourites and enjoy an unexpected cover. The 37-year-old, speaking at Centurion Club on Tuesday, said: "I don't want to play for the rest of my life, this gives me an opportunity to do what I want to do.".
The sports relevance, and to an extent existence, would be at stake.
PIF Saudi International | Feb 2024* | Royal Greens Golf & Country Club Professional golf as we know it is changing and its happening quickly.. Recently, Augusta National Golf Club and the USGA cleared LIV golfers to take . So you got the Olympics, the Ryder Cup in golf, the Davis Cup and the Billie Jean King Cup in tennis. In a summary after the interview, though, Levitt said that, while the competition has been good for the established PGA Tour, LIV would eventually fail, as he didnt believe in LIVs team model. We do have international teams, Norman said. No different than any NFL team, right? Charles Howell III won his first event in five years to kickstart LIV Golf's second season. There has been a critical error on this website. GOLF DIGEST MAY EARN A PORTION OF SALES FROM PRODUCTS THAT ARE PURCHASED THROUGH OUR SITE AS PART OF OUR AFFILIATE PARTNERSHIPS WITH RETAILERS. PGA Tour of Australasia. February 7th, 2022 8:59 am Harold Varner III sank an eagle putt from off the last green to wrest victory in the Saudi International from compatriot and friend Bubba Watson by one shot.
Saudi International scores, Golf Asian Tour - Flashscore.co.uk Here's all you need to know about who is playing, the prize money on offer and why it's rocking the golfing world. I believe in major championships. 2022 Year in Review . And when hes not writing about ways to hit the golf ball farther and straighter, the Milwaukee native is probably playing the game, hitting the ball left, right and short, and drinking a cold beer to wash away his score. Per Monahans ultimatum from 2020: If the Team Golf Concept [one of the other names used by the PGL] or another iteration of this structure becomes a reality in 2022 or at any time before or after, our members will have to decide whether they want to continue to be a member of the PGA Tour or play on a new series. At a players meeting at the 2021 Wells Fargo Championship, Monahan repeated his position: Any player joining the Saudi-backed golf league will face immediate suspension and possible expulsion from the PGA Tour. Relive all the action from the final day of the controversial Saudi-backed invitational event .
LIV Golf LIVE: Leaderboard and Day 2 scores as Bryson - Yahoo! For clarity again, here is their exchange: A skeptic would say past attempts to turn individual sports into team sports have not been very successful, Levitt began. by Mastercard golf leaderboard with real-time scoring, player scorecards, course statistics and more His Smash GC team is also primed for its best effort of the season as Koepka's team owns the top spot on the leaderboard at 15 under.
Garcia Hoping to Replicate Last Year in Joburg Beth Ann Nichols. Live golf scores service on GolfLive24 offers golf live scores, providing also tournament leaderboard, player scorecards and other golf information from Ladies European Tour - Saudi Ladies International and more than 200 other golf tournaments. The LPGA does not have a tournament this week and heads next to South Korea. We wanted to broaden it out. On his lifetime membership of the PGA Tour, he added: "I don't want to give up [my membership] but I don't know what's going to happen. 1655681107. .
Saudi International Golf 2022 will offer huge prize Get the latest golf headlines sent straight to your phone, sign-up to our newsletter and learn where to find us on online. The PGL was the first of the groups to coalesce in 2020, backed at the time by the Public Investment Fund of Saudi Arabia. But most of the teams Im just looking right now at the list are mixed, theyre all sorts of mixed up and dont have any really clear geography.. There will be some very good players with high profiles who wont finish this season in the top 50 on the FedEx. An economist, professor and best-selling author says LIV Golf will not survive more than a couple years.. Former No. Each day, the players will tee off at the same time on different holes in what is termed a 'shotgun start'. The most lucrative and arguably controversial golf tournament in the world is taking place this week on the outskirts of London. Having the opportunity to get in on the ground floor of something unique has always been intriguing to him. On his Twitter thread, Pepperell also wrote that the moves could enhance LIVs argument to receive world-ranking points for its events, and that players would have even less to lose by signing for LIV. Both series would now be playing smaller-field, no-cut events, though as GOLFs Sean Zak explained this week, the Tours tournaments will make up about 20-25% of the PGA Tours annual schedule load, while LIV events include the field-and-cut features across the board.